![]() A Hickson Compact Group, HCG 62 is at a distance of 200 Mly from Earth ( redshift 0.0137) and possesses a large central elliptical galaxy. Virgo possesses several galaxy clusters, one of which is HCG 62. Because of this, astronomers used several Cepheid variables in NGC 4639 to calibrate type Ia supernovae as standard candles for more distant galaxies. Its outer arms have a high number of Cepheid variables, which are used as standard candles to determine astronomical distances. NGC 4639 is a face-on barred spiral galaxy located 78 Mly from Earth (redshift 0.0034). It is located about 10° due west of Spica. A noted galaxy that is not part of the cluster is the Sombrero Galaxy (M104), an unusual spiral galaxy. Some examples are Messier 49 ( elliptical), Messier 58 ( spiral), Messier 59 (elliptical), Messier 60 (elliptical), Messier 61 (spiral), Messier 84 ( lenticular), Messier 86 (lenticular), Messier 87 (elliptical and a famous radio source), Messier 89 (elliptical) and Messier 90 (spiral). This is the first direct image of a black hole.īecause of the presence of a galaxy cluster (consequently called the Virgo Cluster) within its borders 5° to 12° west of ε Vir (Vindemiatrix), this constellation is especially rich in galaxies. There are 35 verified exoplanets orbiting 29 stars in Virgo, including PSR B1257+12 (three planets), 70 Virginis (one planet), Chi Virginis (one planet), 61 Virginis (three planets), NY Virginis (two planets), and 59 Virginis (one planet).ĭeep-sky objects The spiral galaxy NGC 4380 The shadow of the central black hole in the galaxy Messier 87 in Virgo, obtained by the Event Horizon Telescope collaboration. It varies in magnitude from a minimum of 9.6 to a maximum of 6.0 over approximately one year. ![]() SS Virginis is a variable star with a noticeable red color. The sun-like star 61 Virginis has three planets: one is a super-Earth and two are Neptune-mass planets. ![]() The star Chi Virginis has one of the most massive planets ever detected, with a mass of 11.1 times that of Jupiter. The star 70 Virginis has one of the first known extrasolar planetary systems with one confirmed planet 7.5 times the mass of Jupiter. Together with Spica and Theta Virginis, they form a Y shape. The 7 main stars of Virgo form 2 distinct star patterns: Beta, Gamma, Delta, Epsilon and Eta Virginis form an asterism known as " The Bowl of Virgo". Other fainter stars that were also given names are ζ Virginis (Heze), η Virginis (Zaniah), ι Virginis (Syrma), κ Virginis (Kang), λ Virginis (Khambalia) and φ Virginis (Elgafar). This point will pass into the neighboring constellation of Leo around the year 2440.īesides Spica, other bright stars in Virgo include β Virginis (Zavijava), γ Virginis (Porrima), δ Virginis (Auva) and ε Virginis (Vindemiatrix). From the 18th century to the 4th century BC, the Sun was in Libra on the autumnal equinox, shifting into Virgo thereafter. This is one of the two points in the sky where the celestial equator crosses the ecliptic (the other being the first point of Aries, now in the constellation of Pisces). ĭue to the effects of precession, the first point of Libra, (also known as the autumn equinox point) lies within the boundaries of Virgo very close to β Virginis. The bright star Spica makes it easy to locate Virgo, as it can be found by following the curve of the Big Dipper/Plough to Arcturus in Boötes and continuing from there in the same curve ("follow the arc to Arcturus and speed on to Spica"). ![]() It is located in the third quadrant of the Southern Hemisphere (SQ3) and can be seen at latitudes between +80° and -80°. From 1990 and until 2062, this will take place from September 16 to October 30. As the largest zodiac constellation, the Sun takes 44 days to pass through it, longer than any other. Virgo is prominent in the spring sky in the Northern Hemisphere, visible all night in March and April. Virgo can be easily found through its brightest star, Spica. Underlying these technical two definitions, the sun passes directly overhead of the equator, within this constellation, at the September equinox. The ecliptic intersects the celestial equator within this constellation and Pisces. Between Leo to the west and Libra to the east, it is the second-largest constellation in the sky (after Hydra) and the largest constellation in the zodiac. Its name is Latin for maiden, and its old astronomical symbol is. Virgo is one of the constellations of the zodiac. Visible at latitudes between + 80° and − 80°.īest visible at 21:00 (9 p.m.) during the month of May.
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